Raible's Wiki: CreateDAO

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If you're using PostgreSQL and you get confusing errors about batch processing, try turning it off by adding {{<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</prop>}} to your src/dao/**/hibernate/applicationContext-hibernate.xml file.

If you're using PostgreSQL and you get confusing errors about batch processing, try turning it off by adding {{<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</prop>}} to your {{src/dao/**/hibernate/applicationContext-hibernate.xml}} file.

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;:%%(color: blue)''How I do stuff in the __Real World__ in blue italic text like this.''%%

;:%%(color: blue)''Suggestions for how to do stuff in the "Real World" like this.''%%

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The first thing we need to do is create an object to persist. Let's create a simple "Person" object (in the src/dao/**/model directory) that has an id, a firstName and a lastName (as properties).

The first thing we need to do is create an object to persist. Let's create a simple "Person" object (in the {{src/dao/**/model}} directory) that has an id, a firstName and a lastName (as properties).

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At this point, you can create the person table by running __ant setup-db__. This task creates the Person.hbm.xml file and creates a database table called "person". From the ant console, you can see the table schema the Hibernate creates for you:

At this point, you can create the person table by running __ant setup-db__. This task creates the {{Person.hbm.xml}} file and creates a database table called "person". From the ant console, you can see the table schema the Hibernate creates for you:

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If you want to look at the Person.hbm.xml file that Hibernate generates for you, look in the build/dao/gen/**/model directory. Here's the contents of Person.hbm.xml (so far):

If you want to look at the {{Person.hbm.xml}} file that Hibernate generates for you, look in the {{build/dao/gen/**/model}} directory. Here's the contents of {{Person.hbm.xml}} (so far):

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# Create your POJO (in the model directory) and <a href="#ref-CreateDAO-5">configure the mapping file</a> in applicationContext-hibernate.xml.

# cd into the ''extras/appgen'' directory and run "ant -Dobject.name=Person -Dappgen.type=pojo". In this example, the __Person__ class should exist in your "model" package. This generates all the files you create in the tutorials on this site (for your chosen web framework).

# To install the generated files, run "ant install". You can run "ant install -Dmodel.name=Person -Dmodel.name.lowercase=person" if you want to do everything in one fell swoop. __WARNING:__ You might want to backup your project before you do this - or at least make sure it's checked into a source code repository. I've tested this code, and I think it works well - but it ''is'' modifying your source tree for you.

# Create your POJO (in the model directory) and <a href="#ref-CreateDAO-5">configure the mapping file</a> in {{applicationContext-hibernate.xml}}.

# cd into the ''{{extras/appgen}}'' directory and run __ant -Dobject.name=Person -Dappgen.type=pojo__. In this example, the __Person__ class should exist in your {{model}} package. This generates all the files you create in the tutorials on this site (for your chosen web framework).

# To install the generated files, run __ant install__. You can run __ant install -Dmodel.name=Person -Dmodel.name.lowercase=person__ if you want to do everything in one fell swoop. __WARNING:__ You might want to backup your project before you do this - or at least make sure it's checked into a source code repository. I've tested this code, and I think it works well - but it ''is'' modifying your source tree for you.

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The reason for the "lowercase" parameter is to rename the JSPs to begin with a lowercase letter. If I tried to rename them and change the filename programmatically, it took 1MB worth of BSF and Rhino JARs (+5 lines of code) and this just seemed easier. Speaking of JSPs - it's up to you to modify the *Form.jsp and make it look pretty. This is covered in Step 5 of each respective web framework's "Create Action/Controller" tutorial: <a href="http://raibledesigns.com/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=CreateActions#ref-CreateAction-5">Struts</a>, <a href="http://raibledesigns.com/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=SpringControllers#ref-SpringControllers-5">Spring</a> and <a href="http://raibledesigns.com/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=WebWorkActions#ref-WebWorkActions-5">WebWork</a>.

The reason for the "lowercase" parameter is to rename the JSPs to begin with a lowercase letter. If I tried to rename them and change the filename programmatically, it took 1MB worth of BSF and Rhino JARs (+5 lines of code) and this just seemed easier. Speaking of JSPs - it's up to you to modify the {{*Form.jsp}} and make it look pretty. This is covered in Step 5 of each respective web framework's "Create Action/Controller" tutorial: <a href="http://raibledesigns.com/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=CreateActions#ref-CreateAction-5">Struts</a>, <a href="http://raibledesigns.com/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=SpringControllers#ref-SpringControllers-5">Spring</a> and <a href="http://raibledesigns.com/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=WebWorkActions#ref-WebWorkActions-5">WebWork</a>.

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__NOTE:__ If you'd like to generate all the DAOs/Managers/Tests, run __ant install-detailed__ instead of __ant install__. Before you install anything, the files will be created in the extras/appgen/build/gen directory (in case you want to look at them before installing). If you just want to test the tool, you can cd to this directory and run __ant test__ to see the contents of these tutorials created.

__NOTE:__ If you'd like to generate all the DAOs/Managers/Tests, run __ant install-detailed__ instead of __ant install__. Before you install anything, the files will be created in the {{extras/appgen/build/gen}} directory (in case you want to look at them before installing). If you just want to test the tool, you can cd to this directory and run __ant test__ to see the contents of these tutorials created.

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To start, create a PersonDaoTest.java class in the test/dao/**/dao directory. This class should extend [BaseDaoTestCase|http://raibledesigns.com/downloads/appfuse/api/org/appfuse/dao/BaseDaoTestCase.java.html], which already exists in this package. This parent class is used to load [Spring's|http://www.springframework.org] ApplicationContext (since Spring binds the layers together), and for (optionally) loading a .properties file (ResourceBundle) that has the same name as your *Test.class. In this example, if you put a PersonDaoTest.properties file in the same directory as PersonDaoTest.java, this file's properties will be available via an "rb" variable.

To start, create a {{PersonDaoTest.java}} class in the {{test/dao/**/dao}} directory. This class should extend [BaseDaoTestCase|http://raibledesigns.com/downloads/appfuse/api/org/appfuse/dao/BaseDaoTestCase.java.html], which already exists in this package. This parent class is used to load [Spring's|http://www.springframework.org] ApplicationContext (since Spring binds the layers together), and for (optionally) loading a .properties file (ResourceBundle) that has the same name as your {{*Test.class}}. In this example, if you put a {{PersonDaoTest.properties}} file in the same directory as {{PersonDaoTest.java}}, this file's properties will be available via an "rb" variable.

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Now we need to actually test that the CRUD (create, retrieve, update, delete) methods work in our DAO. To do this we created methods that begin with "test" (all lower case). As long as these methods are public, have a void return type and take no arguments, they will be called by our <junit> task in our Ant build.xml file. Here's some simple tests for testing CRUD. An important thing to remember is that each method (also known as a test), should be autonomous. Add the following methods to your PersonDaoTest.java file:

Now we need to actually test that the CRUD (create, retrieve, update, delete) methods work in our DAO. To do this we created methods that begin with "test" (all lower case). As long as these methods are public, have a void return type and take no arguments, they will be called by our <junit> task in our Ant build.xml file. Here's some simple tests for testing CRUD. An important thing to remember is that each method (also known as a test), should be autonomous. Add the following methods to your {{PersonDaoTest.java}} file:

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;:%%(color: blue)''This way, you can eliminate the "create new" functionality in the testGetPerson method. If you'd rather add this record directly into the database (via SQL or a GUI), you can rebuild your sample-data.xml file using __ant db-export__ and then __cp db-export.xml metadata/sql/sample-data.xml__.''%%

;:%%(color: blue)''This way, you can eliminate the "create new" functionality in the testGetPerson method. If you'd rather add this record directly into the database (via SQL or a GUI), you can rebuild your {{sample-data.xml}} file using __ant db-export__ and then __cp {{db-export.xml metadata/sql/sample-data.xml}}__.''%%

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In the above example, you can see that we're calling person.set*(value) to populate our object before saving it. This is easy in this example, but it could get quite cumbersome if we're persisting an object with 10 required fields (not-null="true"). This is why I created the ResourceBundle in the BaseDaoTestCase. Simply create a PersonDaoTest.properties file in the same directory as the PersonDaoTest.java file and define your property values inside it:

In the above example, you can see that we're calling person.set*(value) to populate our object before saving it. This is easy in this example, but it could get quite cumbersome if we're persisting an object with 10 required fields (not-null="true"). This is why I created the ResourceBundle in the BaseDaoTestCase. Simply create a {{PersonDaoTest.properties}} file in the same directory as {{PersonDaoTest.java}} and define your property values inside it:

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First off, create a PersonDao.java interface in the src/dao/**/dao directory and specify the basic CRUD methods for any implementation classes. ''I've eliminated the JavaDocs in the class below for display purposes.''

First off, create a PersonDao.java interface in the {{src/dao/**/dao}} directory and specify the basic CRUD methods for any implementation classes. ''I've eliminated the JavaDocs in the class below for display purposes.''

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Notice in the class above there are no exceptions on the method signatures. This is due to the power of [Spring|http://www.springframework.org] and how it wraps Exceptions with RuntimeExceptions. At this point, you should be able to compile all the source in src/dao and test/dao using "ant compile-dao". However, if you try to run "ant test-dao -Dtestcase=PersonDao", you will get an error: <span style="color: red">No bean named 'personDao' is defined</span>. This is an error message from Spring - indicating that we need to specify a bean named ''personDAO'' in applicationContext-hibernate.xml. Before we do that, we need to create the PersonDao implementation class.

Notice in the class above there are no exceptions on the method signatures. This is due to the power of [Spring|http://www.springframework.org] and how it wraps Exceptions with RuntimeExceptions. At this point, you should be able to compile all the source in {{src/dao}} and {{test/dao}} using __ant compile-dao__. However, if you try to run __ant test-dao -Dtestcase=PersonDao__, you will get an error: <span style="color: red">No bean named 'personDao' is defined</span>. This is an error message from Spring - indicating that we need to specify a bean named ''personDAO'' in {{applicationContext-hibernate.xml}}. Before we do that, we need to create the PersonDao implementation class.

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;:''The ant task for running dao tests is called __test-dao__. If you pass in a testcase parameter (using __-Dtestcase=name__), it will look for **/*${testcase}* - allowing us to pass in Person, PersonDao, or PersonDaoTest - all of which will execute the PersonDaoTest class.''

;:''The ant task for running dao tests is called __test-dao__. If you pass in a testcase parameter (using __-Dtestcase=name__), it will look for {{**/*${testcase}*}} - allowing us to pass in Person, PersonDao, or PersonDaoTest - all of which will execute the PersonDaoTest class.''

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Let's start by creating a PersonDaoHibernate class that implements the methods in PersonDao and uses Hibernate to get/save/delete the Person object. To do this, create a new class in src/dao/**/dao/hibernate and name it PersonDAOHibernate.java. It should extend [BaseDaoHibernate|http://raibledesigns.com/downloads/appfuse/api/org/appfuse/dao/BaseDAOHibernate.java.html] and implement PersonDAO. ''Javadocs eliminated for brevity.''

Let's start by creating a PersonDaoHibernate class that implements the methods in PersonDao and uses Hibernate to get/save/delete the Person object. To do this, create a new class in {{src/dao/**/dao/hibernate}} and name it {{PersonDAOHibernate.java}}. It should extend [BaseDaoHibernate|http://raibledesigns.com/downloads/appfuse/api/org/appfuse/dao/BaseDAOHibernate.java.html] and implement PersonDAO. ''Javadocs eliminated for brevity.''

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First, we need to tell Spring where the Hibernate mapping file is located. To do this, open src/dao/**/dao/hibernate/applicationContext-hibernate.xml and add {{Person.hbm.xml}} to the following code block.

First, we need to tell Spring where the Hibernate mapping file is located. To do this, open {{src/dao/**/dao/hibernate/applicationContext-hibernate.xml}} and add {{"Person.hbm.xml"}} to the following code block.

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;:''You could also use __autowire="byName"__ to the <bean> and get rid of the "sessionFactory" property. Personally, I like having the dependencies of my objects documented (in XML).''

;:''You could also use __autowire="byName"__ to the <bean> and get rid of the "sessionFactory" property''. %%(color: blue)''Personally, I like having the dependencies of my objects documented (in XML).''%%

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