ValidationAndList

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This tutorial depends on Part III: Creating Actions and JSPs.

About this Tutorial

I will tell you how I do stuff in the Real World in text like this.

Table of Contents

• [1] Add XDoclet Validator tags to Person.java
• [2] View JSP with validation added and test
• [3] Add testGetPeople methods to DAO and Manager Tests
• [4] Add getPeople methods to PersonDao and Manager
• [5] Add testSearch methods to Action Test
• [6] Add search method to Action
• [7] Create personList.jsp and Canoo test
• [8] Add link to menu

Add XDoclet Validator tags to Person.java [#1]

Thanks to XDoclet, it's much easier - you just need to add a couple of @struts.validator tags to the Person class. Open it up (src/dao/**/model/Person.java) and modify the getFirstName() and getLastName() methods to include @struts.validator type="required" tags.

You can also add a msgkey attribute to this tag to override the default message key for this error.

The default key for type="required" is already errors.required, so I usually leave it to the default. This key is defined in web/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationResources_*.properties. You'll notice that we put these tags on the getters of this class even though the XDoclet documentation says to put them on the setters. This is because we are generating our PersonForm.java - the template file (metadata/template/struts_form.xdt) takes care of putting these tags onto the setters in the generated file.

Now if you save Person.java and run ant clean webdoclet, a validation.xml file will be generated in build/appfuse/WEB-INF/. Its contents should have now have an entry for "personForm".

Client-side validation is enabled by default in personForm.jsp. There is an <html:javascript> JSP tag and script at the bottom of this page that enables it. The following should already exist (thanks to AppGen) - but you might need to uncomment it if you commented it out in the last tutorial.

<html:javascript formName="personForm" cdata="false"
    dynamicJavascript="true" staticJavascript="false"/>
<script type="text/javascript" 
    src="<html:rewrite page="/scripts/validator.jsp"/>"></script>

NOTE: If you have nested objects with validation rules, those will be picked up and put into validation.xml. This is because an @struts.validator tag gets added to the setter of the nested object when the form is generated (using metadata/templates/struts_form.xdt). If you have many-to-many bi-directional relationships between objects, this can cause a problem. There are two solutions to fix this. The first is to remove the @struts.validator tag from struts_form.xdt and manually place it on the setter in your POJO. The second is described here.

View JSP with validation added and test [#2]

Now that you have Validation configured for this form, whenever this form is used in an action-mapping with validate="true", these rules will be applied. In the last tutorial, we added the "savePerson" action-mapping for PersonAction. The XDoclet tags for this action-mapping were:

So now, as long as your web/pages/personForm.jsp has <html:form action="savePerson">, validation should kick in when we try to save this form. Run ant db-load deploy, start Tomcat and go to http://localhost:8080/appfuse/editPerson.html?id=1.

If you erase the values in the firstName and lastName fields and click the save button, you should get the following JavaScript alert.

To make sure things are really working as expected, you can turn off JavaScript and ensure the server-side validation is working. This is easy in Firefox (my favorite browser), just go to Tools → Options → Web Features and uncheck "Enable JavaScript". Now if you clear the fields and save the form, you should see the following:

If you don't see these validation errors, there are a couple possibilities:

• The form saves with a success message, but the firstName and lastName fields are now blank.

This is because the <html:form> in web/pages/personForm.jsp has action="editPerson" - make sure it has action="savePerson".

• You click save, but a blank page appears.

The blank page indicates that the "input" attribute of you "savePerson" forward is incorrectly configured. Make sure it relates to a local or global action-forward. In this example, it should be input="edit", which points to the .personDetail tile's definition. From my experience, the input's value must be a forward, not a path to an action.

Add testGetPeople methods to DAO and Manager Tests [#3]

Open test/dao/**/dao/PersonDaoTest.java and add a testGetPeople method:

The reason I'm passing in a person object to the getPeople method is to allow for filtering (based on values in person) in the future. Adding this parameter in your getPeople() method signature is optional, but the rest of this tutorial assumes you have done this.

Now open test/service/**/service/PersonManagerTest.java and add a testGetPeople method:

In order for these tests to compile, you need to add the getPeople() method to the PersonDao and PersonManager interfaces, and their implementations.

Add getPeople() method to DAO and Manager [#4]

Now add the same method signature to src/service/**/service/PersonManager.java. Save all your files and adjust the imports in your tests. Next you need to implement the getPeople() method in your implementation classes. Open src/dao/**/dao/hibernate/PersonDaoHibernate.java and add the following method:

You'll notice here that nothing is being done with the person parameter. This is just a placeholder for now - in the future you may want to filter on it's properties using Hibernate's Query Language (HQL) or using Criteria Queries.

An example using a Criteria Query:

// filter on properties set in the person object     HibernateCallback callback = new HibernateCallback() {         public Object doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {             Example ex = Example.create(person).ignoreCase().enableLike(MatchMode.ANYWHERE);             return session.createCriteria(Person.class).add(ex).list();         }     };     return (List) getHibernateTemplate().execute(callback);

Now implement the getPeople() method in src/service/**/impl/PersonManagerImpl.java:

After saving all your changes, you should be able to run both tests by executing the following:

• ant test-dao -Dtestcase=PersonDao
• ant test-service -Dtestcase=PersonManager

If everything works - nice job! Now you need to add this retrieve all functionality to the web tier.

Add testSearch() method to Action Test [#5]

This class will not compile until you add the PERSON_LIST variable to the src/dao/**/Constants.java file.

I usually copy a similar variable that already exists in this file - i.e. USER_LIST.

Now save all your changes. You won't be able to run ant test-web -Dtestcase=PersonAction yet since PersonAction.search() does not exist (yet).

Add search method to Action [#6]

Now add the search method to the body of the PersonAction class.

I used UserAction.search() as a template for this method.

Run ant test-web -Dtestcase=PersonAction.

Nice! BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 minute 26 seconds

Create personList.jsp and Canoo test [#7]

Add this to the metadata/web/global-forwards.xml, as well as one for viewing the list. This way, they will get included in our struts-config.xml file.

Another thing you'll probably want to change is the plural form of the items you're listing. The generated name in this example is "persons" and it should probably be people. At or near line 31, you should have the following line:

<display:setProperty name="paging.banner.items_name" value="persons"/>

Change it to:

<display:setProperty name="paging.banner.items_name" value="people"/>

Finally, add the title and heading keys (personList.title and personList.heading) to web/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationResources.properties. Open this file and add the following:

# -- person list page --
personList.title=Person List
personList.heading=All People

As a reminder, the personList.title is what ends up in the brower's title bar (the <title> tag) and personList.heading will be put into an <h1> tag before any page content.

At this point, you should be able to run ant clean deploy, start Tomcat and view this page in your browser at http://localhost:8080/appfuse/editPerson.html?method=Search.

Now that we have a List Screen, let's change the pages that are displayed after adding and deleting a new Person. In src/web/**/action/PersonAction.java, change the mapping.findForward("mainMenu") in the save, delete and cancel methods to be:

You will also need to change verifyForward("mainMenu") to be verifyForward("viewPeople") in the testRemove method of test/web/**/action/PersonActionTest.java. Lastly, the Canoo tests "AddPerson" and "DeletePerson" need to be updated. Open test/web/web-tests.xml and change the following line in the "AddPerson" target:

<verifytitle description="Main Menu appears if save successful" 
    text=".*${mainMenu.title}.*" regex="true"/>

to:

<verifytitle description="Person List appears if save successful" 
    text=".*${personList.title}.*" regex="true"/>

Then in the "DeletePerson" target, change the following line:

<verifytitle description="display Main Menu" 
    text=".*$(mainMenu.title}.*" regex="true"/>

to:

<verifytitle description="display Person List" text=".*${personList.title}.*" regex="true"/>

We use "viewPeople" instead of "list" so that the search method will be executed, rather than simply forwarding to the personForm.jsp (which the "list" forward points to).

To test that displaying this page works, create a new JSP test in test/web/web-tests.xml:

You'll also want to add the "SearchPeople" target to the "PersonTests" target so it will be executed along with all the other person-related tests.

Now you can run ant test-canoo -Dtestcase=SearchPeople (or ant test-jsp if Tomcat isn't running) and hopefully it will result in "BUILD SUCCESSFUL". If so - nice work!

Add link to menu [#8]

Where menu.viewPeople is an entry in web/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationResources.properties.

menu.viewPeople=View People

The other (more likely) alternative is that you'll want to add it to the menu. To do this, add the following to web/WEB-INF/menu-config.xml:

Make sure the above XML is inside the <Menus> tag, but not within another <Menu>. Then add this new menu to web/common/menu.jsp - which should now look as follows:

Now if you run ant clean deploy start Tomcat and go to http://localhost:8080/appfuse/mainMenu.html, you should see something like the screenshot below.

Notice that there is a new link on the left side (from mainMenu.jsp) and on the right in our menu (from menu.jsp).

That's it!

Happy Day!

new-menu-item.png		9138 bytes
validation-required.png		10049 bytes
validation-required-nojs.png		9277 bytes