ValidationAndList_pt

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Este tutorial depende da Parte III: Criando Actions e JSPs.

Sobre este tutorial

Vou dizer a vocês como faço as coisas no Mundo Real em textos como este.

Tabela de Conteúdo

• [1] Adicionar as tags de validação XDoclet para o Person.java
• [2] Veja o JSP com a validação com a validação adicionada e teste
• [3] Adicione métodos testGetPeople nos testes DAO e Manager
• [4] Adicione métodos getPeople para PersonDao e PersonManager
• [5] Adicione o método testSearch ao teste da Action
• [6] Adicione o método search à Action
• [7] Crie personList.jsp e seu teste Canoo
• [8] Adicione o link ao menu

Adicionar as tags de validação XDoclet para o Person.java [#1]

Graças ao XDoclet, isto é muito mais fácil - só precisamos adicionar algumas tags @struts.validator à classe Person. Devemos abrir esta classe (src/dao/**/model/Person.java) e modificar os comentários dos métodos getFirstName() e getLastName(), adicionando as tags @struts.validator type="required".

Podemos também adicionar um atributo msgkey a esta tag para sobreescrever a chave padrão de mensagem para este erro.

A chave padrão para type="required" já é errors.required, então eu comumente deixo como o padrão. Esta chave é definida em web/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationResources_*.properties. Perceberemos que incluimos estas tags nos métodos de acesso (getters) da classe, mesmo quando a documentação XDoclet diz que devemos colocar as tags nos métodos de modificação (setters). Isto é porque geraremos nossa classe PersonForm.java - o arquivo de template (metadata/template/struts_form.xdt) se encarrega de incluir estas tags nos métodos de modificação (setters) do arquivo gerado.

Agora se salvarmos Person.java e rodarmos ant clean webdoclet, um arquivo validation.xml será gerado em build/appfuse/WEB-INF/. Seu conteúdo deve conter uma entrada para "personForm".

Para ativar validação cliente (client-side) em nosso personForm.jsp, uma tag javascript JSP e um script são obrigatórios na parte inferior do personForm.jsp. O seguinte código já deverá existir (graças ao appgen) - só necessitamos retirar os comentários dele. A razão pela qual este código está comentada é porque o Validator dispara uma exceção se um nome de formulário for especificado e nenhuma validação existir para ele.

Pessoalmente, eu considero isto um bug, mas a equipe de desenvolvedores do Struts não concorda.

<html:javascript formName="personForm" cdata="false"
    dynamicJavascript="true" staticJavascript="false"/>
<script type="text/javascript" 
    src="<html:rewrite page="/scripts/validator.jsp"/>"></script>

NOTA: Se possuírmos objetos aninhados com regras de validação, estas regras serão pegas e colocadas no arquivo validation.xml. Isto porque uma tag @struts.validator é adicionada ao método de modificação (setter) do objeto aninhado quando o formulário é gerado (utilizando metadata/templates/struts_form.xdt). Se temos um relacionamento bidirecional muitos para muitos entre objetos, este relacionamento pode nos causar transtornos. Existem duas soluções para consertar isto. A primeira é removermos a tag @struts.validator do template struts_form.xdt e adicionar manualmente no método de modificação (setter) do nosso POJO. A segunda solução é descrita aqui.

Veja o JSP com a validação com a validação adicionada e teste [#2]

Now that you have Validation configured for this form, whenever this form is used in an action-mapping with validate="true", these rules will be applied. In the last tutorial, we added the "savePerson" action-mapping for PersonAction. The XDoclet tags for this action-mapping were:

So now, as long as your web/pages/personForm.jsp has <html:form action="savePerson">, validation should kick in when we try to save this form. Run ant db-load deploy, start Tomcat and go to http://localhost:8080/appfuse/editPerson.html?id=1.

If you erase the values in the firstName and lastName fields and click the save button, you should get the following JavaScript alert.

To make sure things are really working as expected, you can turn off JavaScript and ensure the server-side validation is working. This is easy in Mozilla Firebird (my favorite browser), just go to Tools → Options → Web Features and uncheck "Enable JavaScript". Now if you clear the fields and save the form, you should see the following:

If you don't see these validation errors, there are a couple possibilities:

• The form saves with a success message, but the firstName and lastName fields are now blank.

This is because the <html:form> in web/pages/personForm.jsp has action="editPerson" - make sure it has action="savePerson".

• You click save, but a blank page appears.

The blank page indicates that the "input" attribute of you "savePerson" forward is incorrectly configured. Make sure it relates to a local or global action-forward. In this example, it should be input="edit", which points to the .personDetail tile's definition. From my experience, the input's value must be a forward, not a path to an action.

Adicione métodos testGetPeople nos testes DAO e Manager [#3]

Open test/dao/**/dao/PersonDaoTest.java and add a testGetPeople method:

The reason I'm passing in a person object to the getPeople method is to allow for filtering (based on values in person) in the future. Adding this parameter in your getPeople() method signature is optional, but the rest of this tutorial assumes you have done this.

Now open test/service/**/service/PersonManagerTest.java and add a testGetPeople method:

In order for these tests to compile, you need to add the getPeople() method to the PersonDao and PersonManager interfaces, and their implementations.

Adicione métodos getPeople para PersonDao e PersonManager [#4]

Now add the same method signature to src/service/**/service/PersonManager.java. Save all your files and adjust the imports in your tests. Next you need to implement the getPeople() method in your implementation classes. Open src/dao/**/dao/hibernate/PersonDaoHibernate.java and add the following method:

You'll notice here that nothing is being done with the person parameter. This is just a placeholder for now - in the future you may want to filter on it's properties using Hibernate's Query Language (HQL) or using Criteria Queries.

An example using a Criteria Query:

// filter on properties set in the person object     HibernateCallback callback = new HibernateCallback() {         public Object doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {             Example ex = Example.create(person).ignoreCase().enableLike(MatchMode.ANYWHERE);             return session.createCriteria(Person.class).add(ex).list();         }     };     return (List) getHibernateTemplate().execute(callback);

Now implement the getPeople() method in src/service/**/impl/PersonManagerImpl.java:

After saving all your changes, you should be able to run both tests by executing the following:

• ant test-dao -Dtestcase=PersonDao
• ant test-service -Dtestcase=PersonManager

If everything works - nice job! Now you need to add this retrieve all functionality to the web tier.

Adicione o método testSearch ao teste da Action [#5]

This class will not compile until you add the PERSON_LIST variable to the src/dao/**/Constants.java file.

I usually copy a similar variable that already exists in this file - i.e. USER_LIST.

Now save all your changes. You won't be able to run ant test-web -Dtestcase=PersonAction yet since PersonAction.search() does not exist (yet).

Adicione o método search à Action [#6]

Now add the search method to the body of the PersonAction class.

I used UserAction.search() as a template for this method.

Run ant test-web -Dtestcase=PersonAction.

Nice! BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 minute 26 seconds

Crie personList.jsp e seu teste Canoo [#7]

Add this to the metadata/web/global-forwards.xml, as well as one for viewing the list. This way, they will get included in our struts-config.xml file.

Another thing you'll probably want to change is the plural form of the items you're listing. The generated name in this example is "persons" and it should probably be people. At or near line 31, you should have the following line:

<display:setProperty name="paging.banner.items_name" value="persons"/>

Change it to:

<display:setProperty name="paging.banner.items_name" value="people"/>

Finally, add the title and heading keys (personList.title and personList.heading) to web/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationResources.properties. Open this file and add the following:

# -- person list page --
personList.title=Person List
personList.heading=All People

As a reminder, the personList.title is what ends up in the brower's title bar (the <title> tag) and personList.heading will be put into an <h1> tag before any page content.

At this point, you should be able to run ant clean deploy, start Tomcat and view this page in your browser at http://localhost:8080/appfuse/editPerson.html?method=Search.

Now that we have a List Screen, let's change the pages that are displayed after adding and deleting a new Person. In src/web/**/action/PersonAction.java, change the mapping.findForward("mainMenu") in the save, delete and cancel methods to be:

You will also need to change verifyForward("mainMenu") to be verifyForward("viewPeople") in the testRemove method of test/web/**/action/PersonActionTest.java. Lastly, the Canoo tests "AddPerson" and "DeletePerson" need to be updated. Open test/web/web-tests.xml and change the following line in the "AddPerson" target:

<verifytitle description="Main Menu appears if save successful" 
    text=".*${mainMenu.title}.*" regex="true"/>

to:

<verifytitle description="Person List appears if save successful" 
    text=".*${personList.title}.*" regex="true"/>

Then in the "DeletePerson" target, change the following line:

<verifytitle description="display Main Menu" 
    text=".*$(mainMenu.title}.*" regex="true"/>

to:

<verifytitle description="display Person List" text=".*${personList.title}.*" regex="true"/>

We use "viewPeople" instead of "list" so that the search method will be executed, rather than simply forwarding to the personForm.jsp (which the "list" forward points to).

To test that displaying this page works, create a new JSP test in test/web/web-tests.xml:

You'll also want to add the "SearchPeople" target to the "PersonTests" target so it will be executed along with all the other person-related tests.

Now you can run ant test-canoo -Dtestcase=SearchPeople (or ant test-jsp if Tomcat isn't running) and hopefully it will result in "BUILD SUCCESSFUL". If so - nice work!

Adicione o link ao menu [#8]

Where menu.viewPeople is an entry in web/WEB-INF/classes/ApplicationResources.properties.

menu.viewPeople=View People

The other (more likely) alternative is that you'll want to add it to the menu. To do this, add the following to web/WEB-INF/menu-config.xml:

Make sure the above XML is inside the <Menus> tag, but not within another <Menu>. Then add this new menu to web/common/menu.jsp - which should now look as follows:

Now if you run ant clean deploy start Tomcat and go to http://localhost:8080/appfuse/mainMenu.html, you should see something like the screenshot below.

Notice that there is a new link on the left side (from mainMenu.jsp) and on the right in our menu (from menu.jsp).

That's it!

Happy Day!

new-menu-item.png		9138 bytes
validation-required.png		10049 bytes
validation-required-nojs.png		9277 bytes