Matt RaibleMatt Raible is a writer with a passion for software. Connect with him on LinkedIn.

The Angular Mini-Book The Angular Mini-Book is a guide to getting started with Angular. You'll learn how to develop a bare-bones application, test it, and deploy it. Then you'll move on to adding Bootstrap, Angular Material, continuous integration, and authentication.

Spring Boot is a popular framework for building REST APIs. You'll learn how to integrate Angular with Spring Boot and use security best practices like HTTPS and a content security policy.

For book updates, follow @angular_book on Twitter.

The JHipster Mini-Book The JHipster Mini-Book is a guide to getting started with hip technologies today: Angular, Bootstrap, and Spring Boot. All of these frameworks are wrapped up in an easy-to-use project called JHipster.

This book shows you how to build an app with JHipster, and guides you through the plethora of tools, techniques and options you can use. Furthermore, it explains the UI and API building blocks so you understand the underpinnings of your great application.

For book updates, follow @jhipster-book on Twitter.

10+ YEARS


Over 10 years ago, I wrote my first blog post. Since then, I've authored books, had kids, traveled the world, found Trish and blogged about it all.
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AppFuse Roadmap updated for 2.0

I've updated the AppFuse Roadmap for the upcoming 2.0 version. The current plan is to have a few milestone releases before the final 2.0 release. I can't promise any specific release date because of developer's schedules and current commitments. However, my hope is we can have it done by the end of this year.

Milestone 1

  • Maven 2 integration
  • Migrate from CVS to Subversion
  • Remove XDoclet, putting generated files into source tree
  • Get all flavors (WARs) deployed and running on Tomcat and Jetty Maven Plugin
  • Spring 2.0: Upgrade XML to XSDs, annotations where appropriate
  • Upgrade WebWork to Struts 2
  • Documentation - move to new Confluence or DocBook-based system for 2.0 documentation

Milestone 2

Milestone 3

  • Integrate XFire by default (for existing classes and generated classes)
  • Code Generation/AppGen - hopefully with the AppFuse Maven Plugin
  • Documentation

2.0 Nice to haves

  • TestNG replacing JUnit
  • Hibernate Validation Annotations (hard part is hooking it into the web frameworks)
  • Tomcat Plugin for Maven (that operates like Jetty's plugin)
  • JPA Support
  • Support for JDK 1.4 using something like Retroweaver
  • Support for using Ant to build/test/deploy AppFuse-based projects
  • Someone to do all the documentation ;-)

Let me know if there's anything that seems to be missing from this list.

If you can't wait until the end of this year, you may take a look at Patrick Lightbody's newly announced Project Able. He has a lot of good ideas in there that I hope to learn from.

Posted in Java at Aug 15 2006, 07:06:24 AM MDT 8 Comments

Denver JUG Tonight: Echo and Wicket

Looks to be a good show at tonight's DJUG: Justin Lee will be talking about Wicket and Tom Poindexter is presenting on Echo2.

BTW, did you know that Wicket may become an Apache project? I consider the main web frameworks in Java to be: JSF, Spring MVC, Struts 2 and Tapestry. RIFE, Stripes and Wicket follow close behind, but are generally very unheard of in the Java community at large. It's kinda wierd to see most of the Java web frameworks (save Spring MVC) end up at Apache, isn't it?

Update: This was a good meeting, mostly because both speakers were excellent. Relaxed, comfortable and good humored. Justin has a recap (and downloadable presentation) on his blog.

Posted in Java at Aug 09 2006, 07:15:33 AM MDT 4 Comments

AppFuse Videos updated for 1.9.3

I've created new AppFuse demo videos that are up-to-date with version 1.9.3. The setup video is around 3 minutes, and the AppGen one is around 3:30.

New Project and Feature Tour
Setup Screenshot

Code Generation with AppGen
AppGen Screenshot

If you have any suggestions on making the above movies more effective, please let me know. I used SnapZ Pro X to shoot them and QuickTime Pro to compress.

In other AppFuse news, a couple of new tutorials have been written:

Props go out to Chris, Matt and Luciano for taking the time to write these detailed tutorials. Well done gents!

Posted in Java at Jul 24 2006, 08:58:06 PM MDT 10 Comments

Validation Framework Consolidation

Looks like Jason Carreira has stepped up to the plate to try and consolidate the validation frameworks we have in Java. I'm sure it was a joint effort among many, but Jason's name is the only one I see on the JSR. I applaud this effort - it's definitely needed.

I've used Commons Validator, the XWork Validation Framework as well as Hibernate's Validator. While Commons and XWork work, the ability to annotate a class and validate it anywhere/anyhow is pretty cool. I reviewed an article a couple months ago that hooked Hibernate Validator into Spring MVC and Prototype for client-side validation. There's a lot of good stuff in this space - let's hope this JSR creates something even better. More than anything, let's hope it doesn't brush off client-side validation like JSF did. ;-)

In an ideal world, the RIFE, Spring MVC, Stripes, Struts, Tapestry and Wicket developers will all participate and allow JSR-303's result to be used as their framework's validation engine. I think it's a given that this will be usable with JSF.

Posted in Java at Jul 11 2006, 02:05:37 PM MDT 18 Comments

AppFuse and Groovy/Grails?

Here's an interesting e-mail I received last night:

I see AppFuse's strong points is in integrating a lot of oss in a synergistic manner, which is really great and helpful. Just wondering whether there is any chance of integrating AppFuse with groovy and especially grails.

I also just found out about grails 0.1 and it looks really promising, for a 0.1 release.

I just feel that it has some synergy there, a java ruby on rails combines with the best oss integration available.

My response:

I think Grails and AppFuse are more likely competitors rather than compatible. Grails uses Spring, Spring MVC and Hibernate under-the-covers, whereas AppFuse uses the raw frameworks. Of course, it would be cool to allow different classes w/in AppFuse to be written in Groovy or JRuby. At this point, I think it's probably better for users to choose one or the other.

Grails definitely looks cool, and a lot like Rails. However, I think using Groovy is a pretty big step for the majority of Java Developers out there. If you're reading this post, you're probably not in the majority.

Posted in Java at Jul 06 2006, 07:35:49 AM MDT 3 Comments

RE: What Web Application framework should you use?

Tim O'Brien has an interesting post titled What Web Application framework should you use?. The first thing I noticed about this post is the permalink. It looks like he started with "Isn't Rails supposed to change...", which makes me wonder what the rest of the title was. In this post, he rags on Java Web Frameworks and the lack of a clear path for choosing one. He ends up predicting that many will stick with Struts 1.x (poor bastards) and those that aren't tied to Java should move to Rails. I don't have a problem with folks moving to Rails, but I would like to comment on the Java Web Framework space and Tim's comments.

He says:

Prediction: The confusion over what is happening over at Struts is going to discourage people from continuing to use it. The Struts team did the right thing in recognizing that Struts 1.x was a dead-end, but that project needs a single public message. Is it Struts Action or is it Struts Faces? Or is it two frameworks capitalizing on the Struts brand name?

I think what is going on in the Struts project is definitely two frameworks capitalizing on a brand name. That was a concious choice on the project's part when they chose to start creating sub-projects. The interesting thing about Struts Shale is it's largely a prototype for JSF 2.0. Furthermore, it was rejected by many Struts developers as becoming Struts 2.0. Why? Because JSF sucks. Especially when used with JSP - which is what most folks are doing.

JSF continues to be the most over-hyped under-used framework in Javaland. If you read the blogs of first-time users, you'll find many complaints and issues on how things work. Granted, most of these problems are with JSP and the implementation, but still. If I were in charge of JSF, I'd dump JSP altogether, bundle Facelets with it and allow more flexible page navigation (including controller-to-page). Don't get me wrong, I like the ideas behind JSF, I just don't like the implementation (or the fact I have to wait years for things to be fixed in the spec).

That being said, I've yet to meet an unhappy WebWork fan. If you find someone that still likes Struts, ask them if they've used WebWork. Chances are they'll say no. As far as Tapestry is concerned, the learning curve is too high. It's been rejected time and time again by my clients because of the learning curve. Are they going to fix this? Yep, they're going to re-write the whole damn thing - again! Every major point release of Tapestry throws backwards-compatibility out the window. Furthermore, I've heard once you get over the learning curve, it's a joy to work with. I've also met people at conferences that've used it over a year and say they're still struggling with its concepts.

Spring MVC - I wish I had bad things to say about it, but I don't. It (obviously) has the best Spring integration, but I've found WebWork much more pleasurable to work with. Sure, Spring has a ThrowawayController, but with a name like that, you can tell it's a second-class citizen.

Inspired by Tim's post, here's my prediction:

Struts Action 2 will be the best choice for developing Java-based web frameworks. Not only does it support JSF, but it's easy to learn, test and use. Furthermore, it seems to be the most often used framework in major software products and web sites.

How's that for a clear message? Struts Action 2 is the shiznit, now let's get back to developing applications.

Disclaimer: This is my opinion with a lot of stuff thrown in to get folks riled up. I've never put a JSF, Tapestry or Spring MVC application into production (except for AppFuse of course), so most of my opinions are likely without foundation. In wonder how many applications Mr. O'Brien has put into production with these frameworks?

Posted in Java at Jun 20 2006, 08:32:41 AM MDT 57 Comments

RE: Thoughts on the future direction of AppFuse

Sanjiv has some interesting thoughts on the future direction of AppFuse. To summarize: take on Seam head-to-head, but use Spring instead. Get rid of all the other frameworks except for JSF, Spring and Hibernate. Furthermore, focus on making Web 2.0 applications easy to create and use.

I like Sanjiv's ideas, but I'm not so hot on ditching all the other web frameworks in favor of JSF. I'm still not convinced it's the best solution for Java web development. The idea behind JSF is great, but the implementation has warts. Maybe that'll be fixed with JSF 1.2, but it will likely be quite a few months before MyFaces supports it. Yeah, I know there's the RI, but it is an RI and you remember the 1.1 version don't you? ;-)

I'd hate to give up WebWork support because I've used it on a couple of projects and really like it. Ditching Spring MVC would likely be a mistake as well since it's the most popular web framework among AppFuse users today. While I love what Tapestry brings to the table, it is harder (for the newbie) than JSF. Also, it seems to be the least-used web framework in AppFuse, which means I'm doing a lot of maintenance for no reason. AppFuse 2.0 will definitely make things simpler (JDK 5, Maven 2, standard directory layout, better IDE integration), but it will still be difficult to support 5 web frameworks and 2 persistence frameworks.

What do you think about Sanjiv's proposal? It sounds good to me. However, I'd rather see different lead developers for each framework and continue to support them all - except for Struts of course.

Posted in Java at May 22 2006, 08:16:53 PM MDT 28 Comments

Lessons learned building a 130+KLOC JavaScript application by Scott Dietzen, CTO of Zimbra

Scott Dietzen is the former CTO of BEA. Apparently he was one of the original founders of WebLogic, before it was bought by BEA. Scott's hope tonight is to share his experiences from developing Zimbra. Why does Zimbra use JavaScript and Ajax?

  • Richly interactive UI
  • Rich client/server communications
  • Zero-cost administration
  • Web security
  • Web look and feel (back button and bookmarks)
  • Multi-browser "standard"

All of the above features where things the Zimbra team expected. They also got lucky in a number of areas.

  • SAO/Mash-ups and Ajax authoring
  • RIA winner? Big sites voting with their feet: Google, Microsoft, Yahoo, Amazon, etc.
  • It really works

They started building Zimbra 2.5 years ago, long before Ajax was possible. Scott actually tried to talk his team out of using JavaScript when they first started architecting the application.

Zimbra's tools are good for Java programmers. If you're not familiar with OO concepts, it might be a bit difficult to understand. Now Scott is showing some demos, basically grids and trees - all built using the "Zimbra toolkit", whatever that is. Now he's moved on to demoing the Zimbra application itself. I used Zimbra as my primary e-mail client for a couple weeks and it's by far the best web application I've ever used. Not only does it look awesome, but everything works just as it would in a desktop application. The unfortunate thing about Zimbra is it has two licenses: an open source one and a pay-for version that has all the features you really want.

Zimbra = "Pure" Ajax. All UI behavior specified in JavaScript. The *entire* UI is written in JavaScript, no HTML. It's more like a typical GUI application from a programming perspective (think JavaScript SWT). Result is "husky" client 3-tier architecture. All UI on client, server-side Java code for UI operations. This is very different from HTML "design center" where you start with an HTML page and augmenting with Ajax. The Zimbra toolkit actually doesn't fit very well into most applications, where folks enhance HTML pages. It's more designed for programmers who want to write their entire application in JavaScript.

Ajax is finally giving us a clear partition between client logic and server logic. The dividing line is up to the developer, that's the challenge for web developers today. It's basically a user-defined SOA Endpoint. Before Ajax, in the Java world, JSPs and Servlets were considered the client-side, even though they were really more server-oriented.

Ajax applications are cheaper on the server/network than Web 1.0/HTML apps. Modulo the initial download (gzip is essential). Ajax is much more expensive on the client CPU. Tend to be finder grained in their client/server interactions. They tend to be more stateful. Rule #1: Pick your service bindings well! For modularity and re-use/mashups.

"There's a special place in heaven for whoever had the patience to get all of that JavaScript right." - Paul Ambrose, WebLogic Founder on Zimbra

Ajax Challenges: Browsers and Toolkits. Browsers render the same HTML differently, they have different event models, different levels of DOM supported, they have different APIs that do the same thing, as well as many issues. As far as toolkits for Ajax, there's too many rather than too few. Consolidation would definitely be a good thing.

Zimbra's Ajax Tookit (AjaxTK), Apache Kabuki* is modeled after SWT. It's a JavaScript OO class library and open source (Mozilla or Apache licensed).

Another big challenge is lack of integrated tooling. There's lot of technologies to deal with concurrently: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc. The initial stab at a solution is the Open Ajax Initiative. This is largely a set of technologies from Eclipse, Mozilla and Apache. There's 30-odd companies involved with the initiative, including: IBM, Zimbra, Eclipse, Firefox, Apache, Google, Yahoo, Oracle and Red Hat (or at least that's the logos Scott has on his slides).

The proprietary Ajax Landscape consists of MS Visual Studio (Tooling) and MS Atlas (Toolkit). On the open source side, there's Eclipse+Mozilla for tooling and all kinds of frameworks for toolkits (i.e. Zimbra/Kabuki, Dojo, Scriptaculous). Scott's opinion is there's really no room for any proprietary vendors to provide solutions outside of Microsoft.

Now Scott is doing a demo of mash-ups in Zimbra. He's showing how you can mouse-over many things in an e-mail message to get the information you're looking for w/o switching to a new page/context. Mash-ups he showed include: real-time flight information, displaying schedule for a particular day, dragging a message to an SMS sender, viewing a map by mousing over an address. The latest thing they're working on is dragging an appointment from a calendar to a "travel agent" that books your flight.

Zimbra also includes a WYSIWYG authoring environment for documents. It allows you to do HTML editing (in design view) as well as embedding spreadsheets within pages.

Zimlets: extensible mash-ups for e-mail, calendaring, IM, etc. They're a merge of "pull" and "push". There's zero-client install and they're secure because they're managed by the server administrator. To create a Zimlet, you develop a declarative XML template (Regex, ActionURL, XSLT, CSS, Menu). JavaScript can be used to override Zimbra client-based classes. JSPs can be used on the server-side for customization. Ajax Linking and Embedding (ALE) is Ajax components that are embeddable in editable HTML (simple docs, spreadsheets, etc.). Views are read-only HTML and WYSIWYG Ajax authoring (Ajax cod is the "authoring" application).

Practical Tips for Ajax:

  • Use an Ajax toolkit
  • CSS is your friend
  • Use JSON (as well as XML)
  • Use asynchronous network programming
  • MVC paradigm worked for us
  • Tooling better, but rough edges remain
  • _all.js -> jsmin (saves ~ 1/4X)
  • _all.js, _all.css -> gzip (saves ~ 3-4X)
  • Mercury's QuickTest-Pro (QTP) [IE + FF*]
  • Pick your fights - not all applications need to be Ajax enabled
  • No such thing as secure client-side business logic in Ajax
  • Dedicate some top UI OO talent (or wait for tech to catch up)

Ajax Sweet Spots:

  • Richly interactive UI desirable (HTML simplicity is ideal for many applications - for example, you'd rather use Amazon's one-click than drag a book to a shopping cart)
  • Combine with web look and feel and deployment
  • No client-side data/resources (but is changing, stay tuned)
  • Perfect for on-demand services

Recipe for Ajax Success: Ajax is not a business model, compelling and appropriate innovation is essential.

Next Ajax Steps: In open source land, try the OSS toolkits, Eclipse ATF and participate in Ajax communities (Apache/Zimbra, Eclipse, Mozilla, Dojo, Scriptaculous). Scott moved to fast for me to catch his recommendations for Microsoft developers. He did have positive things to say about Microsoft though.

Hardest Ajax problem of all? Recruiting. According to Scott, it's incredibly hard to recruit people that know Ajax.

Update: Additional coverage of this talk is available at Ajaxian.com.

Posted in The Web at May 11 2006, 09:54:26 PM MDT 7 Comments

Better client-side validation with Prototype

I'd love to see something like Really easy field validation with Prototype integrated into Commons Validator and other web frameworks' validation engine. The only hard part would be looping through form elements and adding classes with the validation information. Other than that, it doesn't seem like it'd be too hard to implement. Hat tip to Ajaxian.com.

Posted in Java at May 09 2006, 02:59:29 PM MDT 7 Comments

Tapestry 4.0 support in AppFuse's CVS

I spent the last couple of days upgrading AppFuse from Tapestry 3.0.3 to Tapestry 4.0.1. While the integration isn't as clean as I'd like it to be, everything works and all tests pass, so that's good. I did post a few remaining issues to the Tapestry mailing list, but there's nothing major. While the upgrade was frustrating (it took me 4 hours to figure out I needed "validators" instead of "validator"), I feel I know a fair bit more about Tapestry now. Furthermore, my experience on the Tapestry user mailing list was incredible. Yesterday, for every question I'd send, I'd get 2-3 replies in a matter of minutes. It was like having my own personal Tapestry consultant by my side. It goes to show that Tapestry is a thriving community, with a lot of folks willing to help out. Thanks guys - I really appreciate the help.

Update: You can view the FishEye Changelog to see what the upgrade entailed.

Posted in Java at Mar 31 2006, 05:49:25 PM MST 7 Comments